igneous
Granite
Phaneritic Felsic Intrusive Rock
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Salt and pepper/mottled gray, white, and tan; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarsegrained crystals visible to the naked eye); Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75.
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Salt and pepper/mottled gray, white, and tan
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Salt and pepper/mottled gray, white, and tan; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarsegrained crystals visible to the naked eye); Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75.
Formation & geological history
Forms from the slow crystallization of magma below the Earth's surface. It is the primary component of continental crust and can date back billions of years (Archean to Cenozoic).
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, and memorial monuments due to its durability and resistance to weathering.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common igneous rock found on Earth's continents. The iconic peaks of Yosemite National Park and the faces on Mount Rushmore are carved into granite formations.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its grainy, crystalline texture and the presence of visible mica (shiny flakes), quartz (translucent gray), and feldspar (white/pink blocky crystals). It is found worldwide in mountain ranges and eroded shields.
