igneous
Granite
Granite, composed chiefly of quartz, feldspar, and mica
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectCoarse-grained, mottled pink-orange, gray, and black; vitreous quartz and feldspar grains are visible. Hardness is about 6–7 Mohs; crystals are interlocking, with no prominent cleavage in the whole rock.
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Physical properties
Coarse-grained, mottled pink-orange, gray, and black; vitreous quartz and feldspar grains are visible. Hardness is about 6–7 Mohs; crystals are interlocking, with no prominent cleavage in the whole rock.
Formation & geological history
An intrusive igneous rock formed as silica-rich magma cooled slowly underground, allowing large crystals to grow. Granites occur in ancient continental crust and range widely in geological age.
Uses & applications
Used as dimension stone, countertops, paving, monuments, and aggregate; attractive specimens may be collected.
Geological facts
The pink-orange grains are likely potassium feldspar, while the gray grains are likely quartz and darker grains may be biotite or amphibole.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its speckled, interlocking crystals and lack of layering; confirm with a fresh surface, since weathering can alter its colors. Granite is common in continental mountain belts and exposed shield regions worldwide.
