igneous
Granite
Intrusive Igneous Rock
Hardness of 6 on the Mohs scale. Colors typically include pink, white, gray, or black depending on the feldspar and quartz content. Luster is dull to vitreous in individual crystals. Crystal structure is phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible interlocking crystals). Specific gravity ranges from 2.65 to 2.75.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6 on the Mohs scale. Colors typically include pink, white, gray, or black depending on the feldspar and quartz content. Luster is dull to vitreous in individual crystals. Crystal structure is phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible interlocking crystals). Specific gravity ranges from 2.65 to 2.75.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow cooling and crystallization of magma rich in silica and alkali metal oxides beneath the Earth's surface. Can range from Precambrian to Cenozoic in geological age.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction for dimensional stone, floor tiles, counter tops, monuments, and curbing.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common igneous rock in the Earth's continental crust and forms the core of many major mountain ranges.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its characteristic speckled or mottled appearance with visible interlocking crystals of quartz, feldspar, and micas. Found globally in shield areas and mountain roots.
