igneous
Granite
Felsic intrusive igneous rock
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale. Colors range from pink to gray, white, and black depending on feldspar and quartz content. Luster is dull to vitreous on crystal faces. Crystal structure is phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible crystals). Specific gravity is approximately 2.65 to 2.75.
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale. Colors range from pink to gray, white, and black depending on feldspar and quartz content. Luster is dull to vitreous on crystal faces. Crystal structure is phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible crystals). Specific gravity is approximately 2.65 to 2.75.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface over millions of years. Commonly found in continental crust and mountain-building regions.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction, monument building, countertops, tiles, and architectural facing.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common rock of the continental crust and forms the core of many major mountain ranges, such as the Sierra Nevada.
Field identification & locations
Identified by visible interlocking mineral crystals of quartz, feldspar, and micas (biotite/muscovite). Found worldwide in shield areas and batholiths.
