
igneous
Granite
Phaneritic felsic intrusive igneous rock; mainly quartz, alkali feldspar, plagioclase, and biotite/hornblende
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectCoarse, interlocking grains with pink-tan feldspar, gray-white quartz, and black mica; vitreous quartz and feldspar luster, no layering, typically Mohs 6–7, specific gravity about 2.63–2.75.
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Physical properties
Coarse, interlocking grains with pink-tan feldspar, gray-white quartz, and black mica; vitreous quartz and feldspar luster, no layering, typically Mohs 6–7, specific gravity about 2.63–2.75.
Formation & geological history
Forms when silica-rich magma slowly crystallizes deep in the continental crust, commonly during Precambrian to Phanerozoic mountain-building events; the image may show weathering or surface staining.
Uses & applications
Widely used for countertops, monuments, building stone, paving, crushed aggregate, and architectural cladding; polished slabs have commercial rather than gemstone value.
Geological facts
Its visible crystals reflect slow underground cooling. Granite is distinguished from similar rocks by abundant quartz and feldspar plus its coarse, speckled texture.
Field identification & locations
Common worldwide, especially in continental shields and mountain belts; identify it by testing for quartz, observing interlocking crystals, and checking that it lacks foliation. Exact locality requires a fresh surface or laboratory analysis.