igneous
Granite
Intrusive igneous rock
Hardness: 6-7 on the Mohs scale. Color: Varies widely (white, pink, gray, black) with a speckled appearance due to interlocking mineral crystals. Luster: Vitreous to dull. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible crystals). Cleavage: None overall, though individual mineral grains have cleavage.…
- Hardness
- 6-7 on the Mohs scale
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on the Mohs scale. Color: Varies widely (white, pink, gray, black) with a speckled appearance due to interlocking mineral crystals. Luster: Vitreous to dull. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible crystals). Cleavage: None overall, though individual mineral grains have cleavage. Specific Gravity: 2.65-2.75.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow cooling and solidification of magma rich in silica and alkali metal oxides beneath the Earth's surface. Can range in geological age from Precambrian to recent volcanic epochs.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction, architectural buildings, countertops, monuments, paving stones, and landscaping.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common rock of Earth's continental crust and is frequently found in major mountain ranges. The interlocking crystals make it extremely durable and resistant to weathering.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its distinct 'salt and pepper' speckled look, consisting primarily of quartz, feldspar, and mica. Found globally in continental shields and intrusive plutons.
