igneous
Granite
Felsic intrusive igneous rock
Hardness: 6 on the Mohs scale. Color: Varies widely (pink, white, grey) depending on mineral composition. Luster: Vitreous to dull. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible crystals). Cleavage: None distinct as a whole rock, but individual feldspar and quartz crystals have distinct cleavage.…
- Hardness
- 6 on the Mohs scale
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6 on the Mohs scale. Color: Varies widely (pink, white, grey) depending on mineral composition. Luster: Vitreous to dull. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible crystals). Cleavage: None distinct as a whole rock, but individual feldspar and quartz crystals have distinct cleavage. Specific gravity: 2.65 - 2.75.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow cooling and crystallization of magma rich in silica and alkali metal oxides beneath the Earth's surface over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction, architecture, monuments, countertops, and flooring due to its extreme durability and aesthetic appeal.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common igneous rock in the Earth's continental crust and is characteristic of continental plates. Famous geological formations made of granite include Yosemite's El Capitan and Mount Rushmore.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified in the field by its visible interlocking crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica. Commonly found in major mountain ranges and continental shields worldwide.
