igneous
Granite
Intrusive igneous rock composed mainly of quartz, alkali feldspar, and plagioclase
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Varies from pink to gray, white, or black depending on mineral composition; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible crystals); Specific gravity: 2.65-2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Varies from pink to gray, white, or black depending on mineral composition; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible crystals); Specific gravity: 2.65-2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow cooling and crystallization of molten magma beneath the Earth's surface over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction, monument building, countertops, tiles, and curbing due to its high durability and resistance to weathering.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a major part of the continental crust of the Earth. It is one of the oldest and most durable building materials known to humankind.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its speckled appearance with interlocking crystals of quartz, feldspar, and dark minerals like biotite mica. Found globally in mountainous regions and continental shields.
