igneous
Granite
Phaneritic plutonic rock (primarily Quartz, Alkali Feldspar, and Plagioclase)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs scale; Color: Pink, gray, white, and black mottled; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained coarse crystalline); Cleavage: Transition dependent on individual minerals; Specific Gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs scale
- Color
- Pink, gray, white, and black mottled
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
Identified More igneous →
Explore Granite in the encyclopedia →Identify your own rocks.
Get a report just like this from any photo, free.
Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs scale; Color: Pink, gray, white, and black mottled; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained coarse crystalline); Cleavage: Transition dependent on individual minerals; Specific Gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface (intrusive). They are primarily found in continental crust and date back to nearly all geological eras, peaking during orogenic (mountain-building) events.
Uses & applications
Major use in construction for countertops, flooring, and curbing; used in monuments and sculptures due to durability; and architectural veneers.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. Mount Rushmore is carved into a granite batholith. It is one of the hardest and most durable natural stones available.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its 'salt and pepper' appearance and visible interlocking crystals of quartz (clear/gray), feldspar (pink/white), and mica (black/shiny). Common in continental mountain ranges like the Sierra Nevada or the Appalachians.
