igneous
Granite
Intrusive igneous rock primarily composed of quartz, alkali feldspar, and plagioclase
Hardness: 6-7 on the Mohs scale. Color: Varies widely from pink to gray, white, or black depending on mineral content. Luster: Vitreous to dull. Crystal structure: Phanocritic (coarse-grained) with interlocking crystals. Specific gravity: 2.65 to 2.75.
- Hardness
- 6-7 on the Mohs scale
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on the Mohs scale. Color: Varies widely from pink to gray, white, or black depending on mineral content. Luster: Vitreous to dull. Crystal structure: Phanocritic (coarse-grained) with interlocking crystals. Specific gravity: 2.65 to 2.75.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow cooling and solidification of magma rich in silica and alkali metal oxides beneath the Earth's surface over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction, monuments, flooring, countertops, and architectural facing stone.
Geological facts
Granite forms the core of many major mountain ranges and is one of the most abundant intrusive rocks in the Earth's continental crust.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified in the field by its interlocking visible grains of quartz, feldspar, and dark micas or amphiboles. Found globally in shield areas and mountain roots.
