igneous
Granite
Felsic intrusive igneous rock
Hardness: 6 on the Mohs scale. Color: Varies widely (pink, white, gray, black) depending on mineral makeup. Luster: Dull to vitreous (glassy). Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible crystals). Cleavage: None distinct, fractures unevenly. Specific gravity: 2.65 to 2.75.
- Hardness
- 6 on the Mohs scale
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous (glassy)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6 on the Mohs scale. Color: Varies widely (pink, white, gray, black) depending on mineral makeup. Luster: Dull to vitreous (glassy). Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible crystals). Cleavage: None distinct, fractures unevenly. Specific gravity: 2.65 to 2.75.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma beneath the Earth's surface over millions of years. It is a major component of continental crusts and typically dates from Precambrian to Cenozoic eras.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction for dimensional stone, countertops, floor tiles, monuments, and curbing due to its high durability and resistance to weathering.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common intrusive rock on Earth and is uniquely found on our planet among terrestrial bodies in the solar system. Its name derives from the Latin 'granum', meaning grain, referring to the coarse-grained texture.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified in the field by its interlocking, visible grains of quartz, feldspar, and mica. It is found globally in major mountain ranges and continental shields. Collectors generally value good mineral-specimen associations.
