igneous
Granite
Phaneritic Igneous Rock (primarily Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Mixed shades of white, grey, pink, and black; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific Gravity: 2.63 - 2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Mixed shades of white, grey, pink, and black
- Luster
- Vitreous to pearly
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Mixed shades of white, grey, pink, and black; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific Gravity: 2.63 - 2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface (intrusive). They are typically of Precambrian to Cenozoic age, found in continental crustal plates.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stone, monuments, and as crushed stone for aggregate.
Geological facts
Granite makes up the bulk of the Earth's continental crust. El Capitan in Yosemite National Park is a famous granite monolith. It is one of the hardest and most durable common natural stones.
Field identification & locations
Look for a 'salt and pepper' appearance with visible interlocking crystals of quartz (clear/grey) and feldspar (white/pink). Found in mountainous regions or areas with exposed continental shields. It will scratch glass but not easily be scratched by steel.
