igneous
Granite
Felsic intrusive igneous rock
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale. Color: Varies widely (white, pink, gray, black) with a speckled appearance. Luster: Dull to vitreous. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible interlocking mineral crystals). Specific gravity: 2.65-2.75.
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale. Color: Varies widely (white, pink, gray, black) with a speckled appearance. Luster: Dull to vitreous. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible interlocking mineral crystals). Specific gravity: 2.65-2.75.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below the Earth's surface over millions of years. It is the most common plutonic rock of the Earth's continental crust.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction, architectural buildings, countertops, paving stones, and monuments due to its durability and aesthetic appeal.
Geological facts
Granite is a major component of the continental crust. Because it is resistant to weathering, many ancient Egyptian structures and modern skyscrapers utilize granite blocks.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its characteristic salt-and-pepper speckled look resulting from light-colored quartz and feldspar mixed with dark biotite mica or amphibole. Found globally in mountainous regions and shield areas.
