igneous
Granite
Intrusive igneous rock
Hardness: 6 on the Mohs scale. Color: Typically pink, white, gray, or black with a speckled appearance. Luster: Dull to sub-vitreous. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible interlocking crystals). Cleavage: None distinct (fractures unevenly). Specific gravity: 2.65 - 2.75.
- Hardness
- 6 on the Mohs scale
- Luster
- Dull to sub-vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6 on the Mohs scale. Color: Typically pink, white, gray, or black with a speckled appearance. Luster: Dull to sub-vitreous. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible interlocking crystals). Cleavage: None distinct (fractures unevenly). Specific gravity: 2.65 - 2.75.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow cooling and crystallization of magma rich in silica and alkali aluminum silicates beneath the Earth's surface over millions of years. Geological age varies widely from Precambrian to Cenozoic.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction, monuments, flooring, countertops, and decorative aggregate due to its high durability and resistance to weathering.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common rock of the Earth's continental crust and is rarely found anywhere else in the solar system. Its name is derived from the Latin granum, meaning grain.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified in the field by its interlocking, visible grains of quartz, feldspar, and mica. Found abundantly in continental shield areas and mountain ranges worldwide.
