igneous
Granite
Coarse-grained felsic intrusive igneous rock; chiefly quartz, potassium feldspar, plagioclase, and mica
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectTypically gray, pink, or white with visible interlocking crystals; vitreous quartz, feldspar cleavage, and mica flakes. Hardness is approximately 6–7 Mohs; granular texture and no layering are characteristic.
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Physical properties
Typically gray, pink, or white with visible interlocking crystals; vitreous quartz, feldspar cleavage, and mica flakes. Hardness is approximately 6–7 Mohs; granular texture and no layering are characteristic.
Formation & geological history
Formed when silica-rich magma cooled slowly deep within Earth, allowing large crystals to grow; most exposed granite formed during Precambrian to Mesozoic plutonic events.
Uses & applications
Used as building stone, countertops, monuments, paving, aggregate, and landscaping material; attractive polished pieces are collected but usually have modest value.
Geological facts
Granite is identified by its visible quartz and feldspar crystals and generally speckled appearance. The specimen shown is likely granite, though image quality prevents distinguishing it confidently from granodiorite or weathered gneiss.
Field identification & locations
Common in continental mountain belts and exposed shields worldwide, including the Sierra Nevada, Appalachians, Canadian Shield, and European Alps. Field tests include visible interlocking crystals, substantial weight, and inability to scratch with a steel knife.
