mineral

Graphite

Graphite (Carbon, C)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 1 to 2 on the Mohs scale, Color: Steel gray to black, Luster: Metallic to earthy, Crystal Structure: Hexagonal, Cleavage: Perfect basal cleavage, Specific Gravity: 2.09 to 2.23

Identified July 29, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 1 to 2 on the Mohs scale, Color: Steel gray to black, Luster: Metallic to earthy, Crystal Structure: Hexagonal, Cleavage: Perfect basal cleavage, Specific Gravity: 2.09 to 2.23

Formation & geological history

Formed through the metamorphism of carbon-rich organic material in sedimentary rocks (regional metamorphism) or via hydrothermal processes and igneous environments.

Uses & applications

Used in pencils, lubricants, refractories, batteries (anodes), and as a moderator in nuclear reactors.

Geological facts

Graphite is one of the allotropes of carbon, alongside diamond and fullerenes. Despite diamond being the hardest natural substance, graphite is extremely soft due to weak bonds between its graphene layers.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its extremely soft nature, greasy feel, dark gray to black streak, and metallic luster. Found worldwide, notably in China, India, Brazil, and Madagascar.