mineral
Graphite
Graphite (Carbon, C)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 1 to 2 on the Mohs scale, Color: Steel gray to black, Luster: Metallic to earthy, Crystal Structure: Hexagonal, Cleavage: Perfect basal cleavage, Specific Gravity: 2.09 to 2.23
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Physical properties
Hardness: 1 to 2 on the Mohs scale, Color: Steel gray to black, Luster: Metallic to earthy, Crystal Structure: Hexagonal, Cleavage: Perfect basal cleavage, Specific Gravity: 2.09 to 2.23
Formation & geological history
Formed through the metamorphism of carbon-rich organic material in sedimentary rocks (regional metamorphism) or via hydrothermal processes and igneous environments.
Uses & applications
Used in pencils, lubricants, refractories, batteries (anodes), and as a moderator in nuclear reactors.
Geological facts
Graphite is one of the allotropes of carbon, alongside diamond and fullerenes. Despite diamond being the hardest natural substance, graphite is extremely soft due to weak bonds between its graphene layers.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its extremely soft nature, greasy feel, dark gray to black streak, and metallic luster. Found worldwide, notably in China, India, Brazil, and Madagascar.
