gemstone
Green Beryl (Emerald variety)
Beryllium aluminum silicate (Be3Al2Si6O18) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities
Hardness: 7.5 to 8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Intense green to bluish-green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal system: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.78
- Hardness
- 7
- Color
- Intense green to bluish-green
- Luster
- Vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7.5 to 8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Intense green to bluish-green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal system: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.78
Formation & geological history
Typically forms in hydrothermal veins or pegmatites where beryllium is present and comes into contact with chromium or vanadium from surrounding host rocks. Formation ages vary from 65 million to over 2 billion years ago depending on the deposit.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a gemstone in high-end jewelry; smaller or lower quality specimens are sought after by mineral collectors.
Geological facts
Emeralds are one of the 'Big Four' precious gemstones. Inclusion-free emeralds are extremely rare, leading to the term 'jardin' (garden) to describe their characteristic internal fractures and inclusions.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its distinct hexagonal crystal habit and vibrant green color that remains stable under different lighting. Common locations include Colombia, Zambia, Brazil, and Ethiopia. Collectors should look for color saturation and clarity.
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