Rock Identifier
Green beryl, likely emerald rough (Beryl, Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈; green color commonly from chromium or vanadium) — mineral
mineral

Green beryl, likely emerald rough

Beryl, Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈; green color commonly from chromium or vanadium

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Transparent to translucent, vivid green, vitreous luster, conchoidal-to-uneven fracture, and no obvious cleavage; Mohs hardness 7.5–8, hexagonal crystal structure, specific gravity about 2.63–2.80. The irregular pieces appear rough and possibly recently broken or treated.

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Physical properties

Transparent to translucent, vivid green, vitreous luster, conchoidal-to-uneven fracture, and no obvious cleavage; Mohs hardness 7.5–8, hexagonal crystal structure, specific gravity about 2.63–2.80. The irregular pieces appear rough and possibly recently broken or treated.

Formation & geological history

Forms mainly in hydrothermal veins and pegmatites where beryllium-bearing fluids interact with chromium- or vanadium-rich rocks. Emerald deposits range from Precambrian to younger ages and are notable in Colombia, Zambia, Brazil, Afghanistan, and Ethiopia.

Uses & applications

Fine transparent material is cut as emerald gemstones; lower-grade green beryl is used for specimens and occasionally cabochons. Commercial value depends strongly on color, clarity, treatment, and verified locality.

Geological facts

Emerald is the green variety of beryl; deep saturated green with good transparency is more important than flawlessness. Visual inspection alone cannot confirm emerald versus green beryl, glass, or other green minerals.

Field identification & locations

Check for hexagonal prismatic crystals, hardness greater than ordinary glass, and natural inclusions; avoid relying on scratch tests because they damage specimens. Laboratory testing of refractive index, specific gravity, and spectroscopy is needed for reliable identification.