mineral
Gypsum (desert rose and selenite)
Gypsum, CaSO₄·2H₂O; the left specimen resembles a desert rose, the right a selenite crystal
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectMohs hardness 2; white to colorless, typically vitreous to pearly luster, monoclinic crystals and perfect cleavage. Gypsum is soft enough to scratch with a fingernail.
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness 2; white to colorless, typically vitreous to pearly luster, monoclinic crystals and perfect cleavage. Gypsum is soft enough to scratch with a fingernail.
Formation & geological history
Forms when sulfate-rich waters evaporate, or grows as crystals in sedimentary deposits; desert roses develop in sandy environments. These pieces cannot be dated from the image.
Uses & applications
Gypsum is used in drywall, plaster, cement, and agriculture; clear selenite is collected and sometimes carved for ornaments.
Geological facts
Desert roses are clusters of bladed gypsum crystals intergrown with sand grains; selenite is the transparent-to-translucent crystalline variety.
Field identification & locations
The rosette of sand-coated blades and the separate pale, elongated crystal are consistent with gypsum varieties. Common in arid evaporite regions and sedimentary basins worldwide.
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