mineral
Gypsum rosette cluster (desert rose)
Gypsum, calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO₄·2H₂O), rosette habit
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectTypically tan to reddish-brown, pearly to earthy luster, and bladed or petal-like crystals forming rosettes; Mohs hardness 2, perfect cleavage, monoclinic structure, and specific gravity about 2.3. The specimen appears natural and somewhat matrix-coated.
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Physical properties
Typically tan to reddish-brown, pearly to earthy luster, and bladed or petal-like crystals forming rosettes; Mohs hardness 2, perfect cleavage, monoclinic structure, and specific gravity about 2.3. The specimen appears natural and somewhat matrix-coated.
Formation & geological history
Forms when evaporating groundwater concentrates sulfate in arid soils and sediments, commonly during the Quaternary; sand grains become incorporated between radiating gypsum blades. Common localities include Tunisia, Morocco, Algeria, Oklahoma, Texas, and the Sahara.
Uses & applications
Used mainly as a decorative and educational specimen; gypsum is also processed into plaster, drywall, cement additive, and soil conditioner. Desert roses have modest collector appeal.
Geological facts
“Desert rose” is a habit name rather than a separate mineral species; similar rosettes can rarely form from baryte or calcite, but gypsum is most common.
Field identification & locations
Identify by very low hardness— a fingernail can scratch it—plus its lightweight feel, pearly cleavage surfaces, and radiating blades. Avoid soaking, abrasion, and prolonged humidity.
