sedimentary
Hag Stone
Perforated sedimentary rock (typically limestone, sandstone, or flint)
Hardness varies by mineral content (typically Mohs 3-7); colors range from tan, gray, to brown; dull to earthy luster; amorphous crystalline structure with natural perforation; specific gravity varies around 2.3-2.7.
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Physical properties
Hardness varies by mineral content (typically Mohs 3-7); colors range from tan, gray, to brown; dull to earthy luster; amorphous crystalline structure with natural perforation; specific gravity varies around 2.3-2.7.
Formation & geological history
Formed through natural weathering processes where softer mineral inclusions, fossils, or trapped air bubbles within sedimentary rock dissolve or erode away completely over time via water action.
Uses & applications
Used traditionally as a protective talisman, amulet, or charm in folklore; sometimes collected as a curiosity or decorative item.
Geological facts
Also known as an adder stone, holey stone, or witch stone, these have been historically valued in European folklore as protective amulets against negative energy and witchcraft.
Field identification & locations
Found along riverbeds, beaches, and streams where constant water erosion creates the characteristic holes; identified simply by looking for naturally rounded stones with a hole completely through them.
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