mineral

Halite

Sodium chloride (NaCl)

Hardness of 2.5 on the Mohs scale, colorless or white (can be tinted by impurities), vitreous to greasy luster, isometric crystal system, cubic cleavage, specific gravity of 2.16.

Identified July 31, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness of 2.5 on the Mohs scale, colorless or white (can be tinted by impurities), vitreous to greasy luster, isometric crystal system, cubic cleavage, specific gravity of 2.16.

Formation & geological history

Formed through the evaporation of saline water bodies such as seas and inland lakes (evaporite deposits), often occurring in sedimentary sequences over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Used primarily in the chemical industry, for human and animal consumption (table salt), de-icing roads, and in water softening.

Geological facts

Halite deposits can form massive underground domes called salt domes, which are frequently associated with petroleum traps.

Field identification & locations

Easily identified by its distinct cubic cleavage, salty taste, and softness. Found worldwide in sedimentary evaporite basins, notably in places like the Bonneville Salt Flats and extensive subsurface mines.