mineral
Hematite
Iron (III) Oxide (Fe2O3)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 5.5-6.5 Mohs; Color: Metallic gray to black (red in powder form); Luster: Metallic; Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Specific Gravity: 5.26
- Hardness
- 5
- Color
- Metallic gray to black (red in powder form)
- Luster
- Metallic
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Physical properties
Hardness: 5.5-6.5 Mohs; Color: Metallic gray to black (red in powder form); Luster: Metallic; Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Specific Gravity: 5.26
Formation & geological history
Formed as a primary mineral and as an alteration product in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. Often found in banded iron formations dating back billions of years.
Uses & applications
Primary ore of iron; used in jewelry (beads, rings), pigments (ochre paints), radiation shielding, and as polishing rouge.
Geological facts
The name comes from the Greek word for blood, 'haima', because it turns red when powdered. It is also responsible for the red color of the surface of Mars.
Field identification & locations
Can be identified by a cherry-red to reddish-brown streak test on unglazed porcelain. It is heavy for its size and often metallic in appearance. Found globally, especially in Brazil, China, and Australia.
