sedimentary

Iron Ore / Hematite / Ironstone Nodule

Hematite / Goethite (Fe2O3 / FeO(OH))

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 on Mohs scale. Color: Dark grey to reddish-brown, dark metallic sub-luster. Streak: Characteristic reddish-brown streak. High density/specific gravity (~5.0 g/cm³). Often irregular, earthy, or vesicular texture.

Hardness: 5
Color: Dark grey to reddish-brown, dark metallic sub-luster
Streak: Characteristic reddish-brown streak

Identified July 26, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through sedimentary chemical precipitation, oxidation of iron-rich fluids, or weathering of iron-bearing rocks. Common in banded iron formations, bog iron, or ferruginous sandstones and shale concretions.

Uses & applications

Primary source of metallic iron for steel production. Lower grade or natural concretions are collected as geological curiosity specimens.

Geological facts

Hematite gets its name from the Greek word 'haima', meaning blood, due to the deep red color of its powder and streak. Iron-rich concretions often form around organic debris or fossil centers.

Field identification & locations

Can be identified in the field by its high density, dark grey color, irregular rough surfaces, and distinctive red-brown streak when scratched against unglazed porcelain. Commonly found in iron-mining regions and sedimentary basins.