sedimentary

Iron-rich breccia

Hematite–goethite-rich ferruginous breccia, likely a lateritic ironstone

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness commonly 5–6.5 Mohs; rusty red-orange matrix with dark gray to black metallic or earthy iron-oxide fragments and possible quartz. Texture is strongly brecciated and lumpy, with no consistent cleavage; density is typically high (about 3–4.5).

Identified August 12, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms when iron-bearing minerals weather, oxidize, and cement angular rock fragments in tropical lateritic soils, hydrothermal zones, or iron-ore deposits. The exact geological age cannot be determined from the image and may range from Precambrian to recent weathering.

Uses & applications

Used primarily as iron ore, pigment, lapidary material, and a collector specimen; attractive pieces may be polished for display, though this example appears mostly rough.

Geological facts

The red-orange color is produced mainly by hematite and goethite, while the dark metallic patches may be magnetite or specular hematite. Some specimens can weakly attract a magnet and leave a red-brown streak.

Field identification & locations

Common in weathered iron formations and laterite terrains worldwide, including Australia, Brazil, India, and Africa. Look for high density, rusty staining, an earthy-to-metallic luster, and a red-brown streak; testing requires a fresh surface and magnet/streak plate.