sedimentary

Ironstone Concretion / Limonite Node

Goethite and Limonite (FeO(OH) nH2O)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 5-5.5 (variable); Color: Yellowish-brown to dark brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Amorphous or microcrystalline; Highly dense and often features a rusted, weathered exterior crust.

Hardness: 5-5
Color: Yellowish-brown to dark brown
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified April 28, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5-5.5 (variable); Color: Yellowish-brown to dark brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Amorphous or microcrystalline; Highly dense and often features a rusted, weathered exterior crust.

Formation & geological history

Formed by the precipitation of iron-bearing minerals around a nucleus (such as organic matter) within sedimentary layers. Often associated with Cretaceous or Tertiary sandstones and shales where groundwater is rich in iron.

Uses & applications

Historically used as an iron ore; currently used as garden specimen, geological study tool, and sometimes as a pigment for natural paints.

Geological facts

These are often mistaken for meteorites by amateur collectors due to their heavy weight and dark, weathered appearance. Some hollow versions are known as 'rattle stones' because they contain a loose pebble or sand inside.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its high density relative to size, yellow-brown streak on porcelain, and characteristic 'rust' appearance. Found worldwide in stream beds and eroding cliffsides.