sedimentary
Jasper Arrowhead (Flint/Chert)
Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, waxy to vitreous luster, cryptocrystalline structure, conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage, specific gravity of 2.60 to 2.65, reddish-brown color with dark inclusions.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, waxy to vitreous luster, cryptocrystalline structure, conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage, specific gravity of 2.60 to 2.65, reddish-brown color with dark inclusions.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the deposition of silica-rich solutions in sedimentary environments or precipitation from silica-rich fluids in marine conditions over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Historically used for making stone tools, weapons like arrowheads and spear points, and currently used as jewelry or decorative items.
Geological facts
Flint and jasper were prized by ancient human populations for their ability to fracture conchoidally, creating extremely sharp edges suitable for cutting and hunting.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its waxy luster, conchoidal fracture, and hardness capable of scratching glass. Commonly found globally in nodular forms within limestone or chalk formations.
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