sedimentary
Jasper (Brown / Ironstone Jasper)
Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2 with iron oxide inclusions)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness 6.5–7; dull to waxy luster; cryptocrystalline structure; reddish-brown color; conchoidal fracture.
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Physical properties
Hardness 6.5–7; dull to waxy luster; cryptocrystalline structure; reddish-brown color; conchoidal fracture.
Formation & geological history
Formed from silica precipitation in sedimentary environments or hydrothermal veins, often colored by iron oxides.
Uses & applications
Used primarily for lapidary work, cabochons, tumbled decorative stones, and ornamental carvings.
Geological facts
Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony that owes its earthy colors to mineral impurities, primarily hematite and goethite.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its high hardness (scratches glass), lack of light transmission, and smooth, waxy fracture surface.
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