sedimentary
Jasper (Brown Jasper)
Microcrystalline Quartz (Chalcedony), SiO2
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, brown to reddish-brown color, waxy to vitreous luster, cryptocrystalline structure with no visible cleavage, specific gravity of 2.58 to 2.91
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, brown to reddish-brown color, waxy to vitreous luster, cryptocrystalline structure with no visible cleavage, specific gravity of 2.58 to 2.91
Formation & geological history
Forms by the precipitation of silica-rich fluids in sedimentary environments or volcanic rocks, often over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used primarily in lapidary work, decorative carvings, cabochons, and as a collector's specimen.
Geological facts
Jasper has been used since ancient times for seals, talismans, and jewelry, referenced in numerous ancient texts across various civilizations.
Field identification & locations
Found worldwide in riverbeds, alluvial deposits, and hydrothermal veins. Identify by its high hardness (scratches glass), conchoidal fracture, and opaque, earthy appearance.
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