sedimentary

Jasper

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, opaque luster, various earthy colors due to iron impurities, and a conchoidal fracture.

Identified November 11, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, opaque luster, various earthy colors due to iron impurities, and a conchoidal fracture.

Formed through the silification of sedimentary or volcanic deposits, often precipitated from silica-rich hydrothermal fluids over millions of years.

Used widely in ornamental carvings, cabochons, jewelry, and as a decorative stone.

Jasper has been used since ancient times for seals, talismans, and decorative items due to its durability and rich colors.

Easily identified by its opaque nature and fine-grained texture; commonly found in riverbeds, alluvial deposits, and hydrothermal veins worldwide.

Fossil-bearing concretion, possibly containing a fossil shell or other organic inclusion

Calcareous concretion; exact fossil and host-rock composition are not identifiable from the image

Sandstone or Siltstone

Arenite (if sandstone)

Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock

Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint

Sandstone

Arenite

Shale

Shale (clastic sedimentary rock)

Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)

Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)