sedimentary
Jasper
Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, colors vary widely including red, brown, yellow, and green due to iron oxide impurities, vitreous to dull luster, cryptocrystalline structure with conchoidal fracture, and a specific gravity of 2.58 to 2.91.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, colors vary widely including red, brown, yellow, and green due to iron oxide impurities, vitreous to dull luster, cryptocrystalline structure with conchoidal fracture, and a specific gravity of 2.58 to 2.91.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the silification of sedimentary or volcanic rocks, where silica-rich fluids precipitate microcrystalline quartz in cavities or depositional basins, often over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used primarily for ornamental objects, carved figurines, cabochons in jewelry, and as a popular specimen for rock tumbling and lapidary arts.
Geological facts
Jasper has been used since ancient times to create seals, signet rings, and intricate talismans. Its name comes from the ancient Greek word iaspis, meaning 'spotted stone'.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified in the field by its opaque nature, waxy to dull luster, conchoidal fracture, and hardness that easily scratches glass. It is globally distributed in various geological formations.
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