sedimentary

Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (Microcrystalline Quartz), SiO2

Hardness: 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale; Color: Red, brown, yellow, green, or multicolored; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline/cryptocrystalline); Cleavage: None (exhibits conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.58 to 2.91

Hardness: 6
Color: Red, brown, yellow, green, or multicolored
Luster: Vitreous to dull

Identified August 3, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the silification of sedimentary rocks or volcanic ash, where silica-rich fluids permeate and replace host materials over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Used primarily for ornamental objects, cabochons, carved figurines, jewelry, and by collectors.

Geological facts

Jasper has been used throughout human history since ancient times for talismans, seals, and tools. Because of its opaque nature and rich colors, it was a favorite gemstone in the ancient Near East and Minoan Crete.

Field identification & locations

Can be identified in the field by its hardness (scratches glass), smooth waxy or dull finish when tumbled or weathered, and opaque earthy colors. Commonly found in riverbeds, marine deposits, and hydrothermal veins worldwide.

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