sedimentary

Jasper

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, opaque luster, various earth-tone colors due to mineral impurities, and conchoidal fracture.

Identified November 8, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, opaque luster, various earth-tone colors due to mineral impurities, and conchoidal fracture.

Formed by the precipitation of silica from water in marine or hydrothermal environments, often in silicate-rich sediments.

Widely used for ornamental carvings, polished cabochons in jewelry, and as a durable decorative stone.

Jasper has been utilized by ancient peoples since the 4th millennium BC for making seals, drills, and ritual amulets.

Easily identified by its opaque nature and waxy luster; commonly found in riverbeds, glacial tills, and ancient seabeds worldwide.

Fossil-bearing concretion, possibly containing a fossil shell or other organic inclusion

Calcareous concretion; exact fossil and host-rock composition are not identifiable from the image

Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock

Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint

Sandstone or Siltstone

Arenite (if sandstone)

Sandstone

Arenite

Shale

Shale (clastic sedimentary rock)

Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)

Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)