sedimentary
Jasper
Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, opaque luster, colors include brown, yellow, red, and green due to iron oxide impurities, crystal structure is trigonal/microcrystalline, no cleavage, specific gravity of 2.58 to 2.91.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, opaque luster, colors include brown, yellow, red, and green due to iron oxide impurities, crystal structure is trigonal/microcrystalline, no cleavage, specific gravity of 2.58 to 2.91.
Formation & geological history
Formed in silica-rich aqueous environments, often in marine sediments or volcanic ash deposits, where silica precipitates and replaces other minerals through diagenesis.
Uses & applications
Used for ornamental carvings, polished stones, jewelry, decorative objects, and lapidary art.
Geological facts
Jasper has been used since ancient times to create seals, signet rings, and talismans. It is mentioned in various historical texts and ancient civilizations valued it for its strength and protective qualities.
Field identification & locations
Can be identified in the field by its waxy luster, conchoidal fracture, opaque appearance, and resistance to scratching by a steel knife. Commonly found in riverbeds and pebble beaches worldwide.
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