sedimentary

Jasper

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) microcrystalline quartz

Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, red to brown color, vitreous to dull luster, and conchoidal fracture with no visible cleavage.

Identified October 26, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, red to brown color, vitreous to dull luster, and conchoidal fracture with no visible cleavage.

Formed through the silica-rich precipitation of marine sediments or volcanic ash, often during the Precambrian and Paleozoic eras.

Used primarily for ornamental carvings, cabochons, jewelry, and as a popular specimen for mineral collectors.

Jasper has been utilized by ancient human civilizations since prehistoric times for making tools, weapons, and decorative amulets.

Identified by its waxy luster, opaque nature, and conchoidal fracture; commonly found in riverbeds and sedimentary deposits worldwide.

Fossil-bearing concretion, possibly containing a fossil shell or other organic inclusion

Calcareous concretion; exact fossil and host-rock composition are not identifiable from the image

Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock

Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint

Sandstone or Siltstone

Arenite (if sandstone)

Sandstone

Arenite

Shale

Shale (clastic sedimentary rock)

Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)

Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)