sedimentary
Jasper
Silicon dioxide (Microcrystalline quartz, SiO2)
Hardness: 6.5-7 on the Mohs scale; Color: Brown, red, yellow, green, or multicolored; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None, exhibits conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Brown, red, yellow, green, or multicolored
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 on the Mohs scale; Color: Brown, red, yellow, green, or multicolored; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None, exhibits conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed from silica-rich solutions in sedimentary or volcanic environments, often precipitated from silica-rich fluids in rock fractures or cavities.
Uses & applications
Used in ornamental carvings, cabochons, jewelry, and as a decorative stone.
Geological facts
Jasper has been used since ancient times for seals, signet rings, and talismans, prized by ancient civilizations like the Minoans, Egyptians, and Romans.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its opaque nature, smooth conchoidal fracture, and rich earthy colors. Commonly found in riverbeds, gravel deposits, and hydrothermal vein systems worldwide.
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