sedimentary

Jasper

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide and clay inclusions

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6.5–7 on Mohs scale; Color: typically earthy tones (brown, forest green, yellowish); Luster: dull to waxy; Structure: cryptocrystalline quartz; Cleavage: none, conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.58–2.91

Hardness: 6
Color: typically earthy tones (brown, forest green, yellowish)
Luster: dull to waxy

Identified March 2, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the deposition of silica from water-saturated solutions, often near volcanic activity or in sedimentary basins where mineral-rich water infiltrates ash or clay beds. Can range from hundreds of millions to billions of years old.

Uses & applications

Commonly used in lapidary arts for cabochons, beads, and carvings; historically used for jewelry and ornametal objects; sometimes used in industrial grinding due to its hardness.

Geological facts

Ancient civilizations called Jasper the 'mother of all stones.' The name comes from the Greek 'iaspis,' meaning spotted stone. It is distinctive for its opacity compared to translucent agate.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its smooth, waxy feel when wet and its ability to scratch glass. It will show a curved (conchoidal) fracture when broken. Found globally, especially in riverbeds or mountain ranges in the Western USA, Brazil, and India.