sedimentary

Jasper

Silicon dioxide with iron impurities (SiO2)

Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, typically brown, red, or yellow color, waxy to dull luster, and microcrystalline structure.

Identified October 18, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, typically brown, red, or yellow color, waxy to dull luster, and microcrystalline structure.

Formed in sedimentary environments or hydrothermal veins through the silica replacement of organic or mineral-rich muds over millions of years.

Used primarily in ornamental carving, lapidary arts, jewelry, and as a popular specimen for rock collectors.

Jasper has been used since ancient times for talismans, seals, and weaponry components due to its toughness and fracture resistance.

Identify by its opaque appearance, microcrystalline texture, and conchoidal fracture. Commonly found in stream beds and river gravels worldwide.

Fossil-bearing concretion, possibly containing a fossil shell or other organic inclusion

Calcareous concretion; exact fossil and host-rock composition are not identifiable from the image

Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock

Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint

Sandstone or Siltstone

Arenite (if sandstone)

Sandstone

Arenite

Shale

Shale (clastic sedimentary rock)

Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)

Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)