sedimentary
Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (Microcrystalline Quartz, $SiO_2$)
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, colors range from red, brown, yellow to green, vitreous to dull luster, cryptocrystalline structure, conchoidal fracture, specific gravity of 2.58 to 2.91
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, colors range from red, brown, yellow to green, vitreous to dull luster, cryptocrystalline structure, conchoidal fracture, specific gravity of 2.58 to 2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed from silica-rich solutions or volcanic ash deposits accumulating in sedimentary environments, where silica precipitates and replaces other minerals over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used in ornamental carvings, jewelry, lapidary arts, and as decorative stone.
Geological facts
Jasper has been used since ancient times for amulets, seals, and tools due to its toughness and ability to take a fine polish.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its opaque appearance, waxy to dull luster, conchoidal fracture, and vibrant earthy colors. Found worldwide in regions with past volcanic or sedimentary hydrothermal activity.
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