sedimentary
Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with impurities
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, typically brown, red, yellow, or green due to iron oxide impurities, waxy to vitreous luster, microcrystalline quartz (chalcedony) crystal structure, conchoidal fracture, specific gravity around 2.58 to 2.91.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, typically brown, red, yellow, or green due to iron oxide impurities, waxy to vitreous luster, microcrystalline quartz (chalcedony) crystal structure, conchoidal fracture, specific gravity around 2.58 to 2.91.
Formation & geological history
Forms from silica-rich fluids precipitating in sedimentary environments or hydrothermal veins, often replacing other minerals or organic matter, commonly dating from Precambrian to Cenozoic eras.
Uses & applications
Used for ornamental carvings, jewelry, lapidary arts, and as a collector's specimen.
Geological facts
Jasper has been used since ancient times for seals, signet rings, and talismans, and is frequently found in riverbeds as smooth water-worn pebbles.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its opaque nature, high hardness that scratches glass, smooth conchoidal fracture, and earthy or multi-colored banding. Common worldwide in stream gravels and ancient volcanic or sedimentary deposits.
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