sedimentary

Jasper

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, opaque luster, various earth-tone colors including red, brown, and yellow, with a trigonal crystal structure.

Identified November 1, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, opaque luster, various earth-tone colors including red, brown, and yellow, with a trigonal crystal structure.

Formed through the silification of sedimentary deposits or volcanic ash, occurring across various geological time scales.

Used primarily for ornamental carvings, cabochons, jewelry, and as a popular collector specimen.

Jasper has been used since antiquity for talismans, seals, and ancient weaponry due to its toughness and ability to take a high polish.

Identified by its opaque nature, conchoidal fracture, and smooth waxy luster; commonly found in riverbeds and mountainous regions worldwide.

Fossil-bearing concretion, possibly containing a fossil shell or other organic inclusion

Calcareous concretion; exact fossil and host-rock composition are not identifiable from the image

Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock

Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint

Sandstone or Siltstone

Arenite (if sandstone)

Sandstone

Arenite

Shale

Shale (clastic sedimentary rock)

Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)

Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)