sedimentary
Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with impurities, microcrystalline quartz
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, opaque luster (waxy to dull), conchoidal fracture, trigonal crystal system, specific gravity of 2.58-2.91
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, opaque luster (waxy to dull), conchoidal fracture, trigonal crystal system, specific gravity of 2.58-2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed through the silica-rich precipitation in marine environments or volcanic ash deposits, often experiencing secondary alteration during diagenesis over millions of years
Uses & applications
Used in ornamental carvings, cabochons, jewelry, and polished decorative objects
Geological facts
Jasper has been used since ancient times for talismans, seals, and weaponry. Its varied colors come from different mineral inclusions like iron oxides and clay
Field identification & locations
Identified by its opacity, hardness that scratches glass, and vibrant multicolored banding or patterns. Found worldwide in riverbeds, ancient marine deposits, and mountainous regions
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