sedimentary

Jasper

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, opaque luster, various earth-tone colors due to mineral impurities, and conchoidal fracture.

Identified November 1, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, opaque luster, various earth-tone colors due to mineral impurities, and conchoidal fracture.

Forms through the precipitation of silica-rich fluids in sedimentary basins or volcanic environments over millions of years.

Commonly used in ornamental carvings, cabochons, jewelry, and polished collector specimens.

Jasper has been used since ancient times for talismans, seals, and weaponry components due to its toughness.

Identify by its waxy luster, lack of cleavage, and opaque patterns; found worldwide in riverbeds and ancient marine deposits.

Fossil-bearing concretion, possibly containing a fossil shell or other organic inclusion

Calcareous concretion; exact fossil and host-rock composition are not identifiable from the image

Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock

Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint

Sandstone or Siltstone

Arenite (if sandstone)

Sandstone

Arenite

Shale

Shale (clastic sedimentary rock)

Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)

Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)