sedimentary
Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (Microcrystalline Quartz, $SiO_2$)
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, typically brown, red, yellow, or green in color, vitreous to dull luster, cryptocrystalline or microcrystalline structure with conchoidal fracture, and specific gravity of 2.58 to 2.91.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, typically brown, red, yellow, or green in color, vitreous to dull luster, cryptocrystalline or microcrystalline structure with conchoidal fracture, and specific gravity of 2.58 to 2.91.
Formation & geological history
Forms by the precipitation of silica-rich fluids in sedimentary basins or volcanic environments, often replacing organic material or filling fractures over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used frequently in lapidary arts, ornamental carvings, polished specimens, and jewelry-making.
Geological facts
Jasper has been used since ancient times to create seals, talismans, and decorative ornaments due to its durability and rich color variations.
Field identification & locations
Found worldwide in riverbeds, desert regions, and mountainous areas; identify by its opaque appearance, hardness, and smooth conchoidal fracture.
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