sedimentary

Jasper

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Mohs hardness of 6.5 to 7, displays an opaque, earthy luster with various brownish-green bands, and lacks cleavage with a conchoidal fracture.

Identified October 18, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Mohs hardness of 6.5 to 7, displays an opaque, earthy luster with various brownish-green bands, and lacks cleavage with a conchoidal fracture.

Formed through the silification of sedimentary or volcanic rocks via silica-rich hydrothermal fluids over millions of years.

Widely used in ornamental carvings, polished cabochons for jewelry, and as decorative decorative stones.

Jasper has been utilized by ancient civilizations since the 4th millennium BC for talismans, seals, and weaponry.

Easily identified by its non-porous opaque body and high hardness, commonly found globally in riverbeds and ancient alluvial deposits.

Fossil-bearing concretion, possibly containing a fossil shell or other organic inclusion

Calcareous concretion; exact fossil and host-rock composition are not identifiable from the image

Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock

Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint

Sandstone or Siltstone

Arenite (if sandstone)

Sandstone

Arenite

Shale

Shale (clastic sedimentary rock)

Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)

Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)