sedimentary

Jasper

Silicon dioxide (Microcrystalline quartz, SiO2)

Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, varying colors including red, yellow, brown, and green, vitreous to dull luster, and conchoidal fracture.

Identified October 22, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, varying colors including red, yellow, brown, and green, vitreous to dull luster, and conchoidal fracture.

Formed from the precipitation of silica-rich fluids in sedimentary or volcanic environments, often occurring during ancient hydrothermal activity.

Widely used for ornamental objects, polished cabochons in jewelry, and decorative stone carving.

Jasper has been utilized since ancient times for talismans, seals, and weaponry components like arrowheads due to its toughness.

Identified by its opaque appearance, waxy luster, and rich multicolored patterns; commonly found worldwide in riverbeds and mountainous regions.

Fossil-bearing concretion, possibly containing a fossil shell or other organic inclusion

Calcareous concretion; exact fossil and host-rock composition are not identifiable from the image

Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock

Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint

Sandstone or Siltstone

Arenite (if sandstone)

Sandstone

Arenite

Shale

Shale (clastic sedimentary rock)

Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)

Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)