sedimentary

Jasper

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO2)

Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, opaque luster, various earth-tone colors due to mineral impurities, and conchoidal fracture.

Identified November 12, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, opaque luster, various earth-tone colors due to mineral impurities, and conchoidal fracture.

Forms from silica-rich fluids precipitating in sedimentary environments or volcanic rocks over millions of years.

Used primarily in ornamental carvings, jewelry making, and lapidary arts.

Jasper has been used since ancient times for talismans, seals, and weaponry like arrowheads due to its toughness.

Identify by its waxy luster, lack of cleavage, and intricate banded patterns. Found worldwide in riverbeds and mountainous regions.

Fossil-bearing concretion, possibly containing a fossil shell or other organic inclusion

Calcareous concretion; exact fossil and host-rock composition are not identifiable from the image

Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock

Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint

Sandstone or Siltstone

Arenite (if sandstone)

Sandstone

Arenite

Shale

Shale (clastic sedimentary rock)

Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)

Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)