sedimentary

Jasper

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Hardness of 6.5-7 on the Mohs scale, opaque luster, various colors including red, green, and yellow due to impurities, with a conchoidal fracture.

Identified November 11, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness of 6.5-7 on the Mohs scale, opaque luster, various colors including red, green, and yellow due to impurities, with a conchoidal fracture.

Formed through the silification of sedimentary deposits or volcanic ash, typically in marine or hydrothermal environments.

Commonly used for lapidary work, ornamental carvings, polished display pieces, and jewelry.

Jasper has been used since ancient times for seals, talismans, and decorative items. Its varied patterns are caused by different mineral inclusions.

Identified by its waxy luster, lack of cleavage, and hardness that easily scratches glass. Found worldwide in riverbeds and mountainous regions.

Fossil-bearing concretion, possibly containing a fossil shell or other organic inclusion

Calcareous concretion; exact fossil and host-rock composition are not identifiable from the image

Sandstone or Siltstone

Arenite (if sandstone)

Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock

Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint

Sandstone

Arenite

Shale

Shale (clastic sedimentary rock)

Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)

Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)