sedimentary
Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with impurities
Hardness: 6.5-7 on the Mohs scale; Color: Brown, red, yellow, green, or multicolored; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline quartz / chalcedony); Cleavage: None, exhibits conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Brown, red, yellow, green, or multicolored
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 on the Mohs scale; Color: Brown, red, yellow, green, or multicolored; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline quartz / chalcedony); Cleavage: None, exhibits conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed by the precipitation of silica-rich fluids in sedimentary basins or volcanic environments, often replacing organic material or filling cavities, dating across various geological eras.
Uses & applications
Used for ornamental objects, cabochons, jewelry, carvings, and as lapidary specimens for collectors.
Geological facts
Jasper has been used since ancient times for talismans, seals, and weaponry components. Its varied colors are due to different mineral impurities like iron oxides.
Field identification & locations
Commonly found in stream beds, beaches, and rocky outcrops worldwide. Identified by its hardness, opacity, and smooth, water-worn tumbled shape in beach environments.
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