sedimentary

Jasper

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, opaque luster, various earth-tone colors due to impurities, trigonal crystal system with conchoidal fracture.

Identified November 7, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, opaque luster, various earth-tone colors due to impurities, trigonal crystal system with conchoidal fracture.

Formed by the precipitation of silica-rich solutions in sedimentary environments or hydrothermal veins, often dating back billions of years.

Commonly used for ornamental carvings, cabochons, jewelry, and polished collector specimens.

Jasper has been utilized since ancient times for talismans, seals, and weaponry like arrowheads due to its durability.

Identify by its waxy luster, opacity, and smooth conchoidal breakage; found worldwide in riverbeds and ancient marine deposits.

Fossil-bearing concretion, possibly containing a fossil shell or other organic inclusion

Calcareous concretion; exact fossil and host-rock composition are not identifiable from the image

Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock

Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint

Sandstone or Siltstone

Arenite (if sandstone)

Sandstone

Arenite

Shale

Shale (clastic sedimentary rock)

Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)

Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)